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Network And Networking

Networking




A network is a group of two or more computers that intelligently shares resources with each other.
A network can be as small & simple as two computers or as large as the world's largest network, the Internet. It allows us to be able to access a remote resource as if it were a local resource.

(Intelligently sharing means that each computer that shares resources with other computers maintains control of that particular resource.)

What are Resources?
Any hardware device or software that can be shared in the network are called resources. These include the following;
  • File/folder
  • Printers
  • Disk Drives
  • Optical Drives
  • Modems (Internet Connection Sharing)
  • Scanners etc.

Advantages of network:
  • Reduces hardware costs by sharing expensive printers and other peripherals among multiple users
  • Multiple users can share access to software and data files.
  • Electronic mail (email) can be sent and received.
  • Multiple users can contribute to a single document using collaboration features.
  • Remote-control programs can be used to troubleshoot problems or show new users how to perform a task.
  • A single Internet connection can be shared among multiple computers
Requirements for a Network
  • Physical (cable) or wireless connections between computers
  • Every computer must have proper Network adapter cards
  • Centralized devices such as hub, switch to achieve network connections.
  • Software that enables resources to be shared with other PCs and controls access to shared resources, known as a network operating system
  • A common set of communications rules, known as a network protocol
  • Resources that can be shared, such as printers, disk drives, and CD-ROMs
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